Comparison of experimental conditions of the existing in vitro models
| Model number | In vitro model | Source of bile | Presence of bacteria | Presence of fibre | Time of clogging | Flow rate |
| IVM 1 | McAllister et al12 | Human | Yes (E.coli) | No | Minimum 6 days | 0.5 mL/min |
| IVM 2 | Hoffman et al13 | Human | Yes (E. coli) | No | 14 days | 2 mL/min |
| IVM 3 | Tsang et al14 | Porcine | Yes (E. coli) | No | 56 days | 0.5 mL/min |
| IVM 4 | Leung et al15 | Ox bile | Yes (E. coli and Enterococcus) | No | 28 days | No information |
| IVM 5 | Kwon et al16 | Human (for the in vitro model) and swine (for the in vivo model) | Yes (type not mentioned) | No | 28–56 days | 1 mL/min |
IVM, in vitro model.